Steam-heater for railroad-cars



(No Model.) I

S. F. GOLD.

STEAM HEATER FOR RAILROAD CARS.

No. 412,743. Patented Oct. 15, 1889.

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1 UNITED STATES PAT NT 'FFICE,

SAMUEL F. GOLD, OF ENGLEWVOOD, NEW JERSEY..

STEAM-HEATER FOR RAILROAD-CARS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 412,743, dated October15, 1889.

Application filed April 17, 1889.

To all whom it may concern:

. Be it known that I, SA UEL F. GOLD, residing in Englewood, in thecounty of Bergen and State of New Jersey, have invented certain new anduseful Improvements in Steam- I-Ieaters for Railroad-(Jars, of which thefollowing is a specification, reference being had to the drawingsaccompanying and forming a part of the same.

The present invention relates, generally, to the heating ofrai1r0ad-cars by the use of steam taken from any convenient source andconveyed to the desired parts of the cars by means of pipes or conduits,butinore particularly to the relative construction and arrangement ofsteam pipes or conduits and storage heating-chambers, by which steam iscompelled to flow from a main pipe into branch pipes or conduits, inwhich it is utilized for heating storage-chambers, and then is re turnedto the main pipe, the branch conduits affordingfree passage for thesteam in one direction.

The main objects of my invention are to' impart the desired heat to thestorage-chambers by providing for the flow of the desired quantity ofsteam through the branch conduits, which heat the storage-chambers, andat the same time to provide efficient means for exhausting the air andwater of condensation from. the branch conduits; also, to heat thestorage-chambers and the air of the car simultaneously by so arrangingthe branch conduits that a part of their surfaces is in contact with thesto'ragechambers and a part exposed to the surrounding air of the car;also, to produce an economical construction of storage-heater by formingthe storagechamber and branch conduit by which it is heated in one pieceadapted to be connected to similar heaters to form a series extendingalong the side of a carthroughout its length.

The invention consists, stated generally, in the combination of a mainsteam-pipe provided with a contracted passage or port and a branch pipeor conduit with a storage-chamber, the arrangement of the parts beingsuch that steam in the main pipe will be obstructed by the contractedpassage or port and will be deflected to the branch conduit to heat thestorage-chamber, and will be returned to ing along one side of arailroad-car.

' s mi No. 307,540. (No model.)

ously; also, in the combination of several.

storage-heaters, each consisting of a storagechamber and a branchconduit for heating the same, with a main steam-pipe provided with acontracted steam passage or port located between the connections of eachof the branch conduit-s therewith to form a series of storage heatersbeneath the transverse seats of a railroad-car, all substantially ashereinafter more particularly described and claimed. 4

The invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in whichFigure 1 is a plan View of a series of storage-heaters properlyconnected and extend- Fig. 2 is a side elevation of the same, withchairs above the heaters. Fig. 3 is a longitudinal central section ofone of the storage-heaters along the line m a: of Fig. 1. Fig. 4; is acrosssection of the same along the line y y of Fig. 3. Fig. 5 is alongitudinal section along the line 2' z of Fig. 1.

In the drawings, A represents storage-heatjoined together by suitablepipe-connections B B, to form with the steam-passages in the rear of theheaters a continuous main or direct steam-conduit connected at one ofits ends with any convenient steam-supply, as the locomotive, andextending throughout the length of a car, or, if desired, of a train ofseveral cars, by coupling together the direct steam-conduits between thedifferent cars. The end of the main steam-conduit remote from thesteam-supply may be provided with a trap to receive the water ofcondensation.

Each of the heaters A is composed of two main parts-namely, astorage-chamber O and a steam-conduit D preferably extending in loopform longitudinally in contact with the storage-chamber, and having aportion of its wall common to or in contact with the wall of thestorage-chamber, while other parts of the conduit are exposed to thesurrounding air. The part of the steam-conduit in the rear of the heaterand designated in the drawings by the letter E is contracted or providedwith a partition I through which is an aper- 1o ture or port G, as seenin FigsS and 5 of the drawings. The object of this contraction of themain steam-conduit E at a point preferably about midway of theconnections of branches or ends of the loop-shaped conduit [5 D with theconduit E is to obstruct or partially arrest the passage of the steam inits direct or straight course and cause it to flow through the loop D toheat the storage-chamberC and the air of the car, both of which are incontact with the said loop. The contraction of the conduit E at thepoint designated serves another advantageous purpose namely, to increasethe velocity of the steam as and directly after it passes the point of 25 contraction, and thus create a partial vacuum in the conduit D,operating to draw or suck out any air or water which may be bound ortrapped in the loop. The contraction of the direct steam-passage or thepartition and port G is placed at the bottom of the conduit E, so as notin any way to impede or obstruct the passage of any water which mayaccumulate in the conduit; but it will permit the water to be blown oifin a direct course through 5 the several contractions or ports of theentire series of heaters, no matter what their number or length ofextension may be.

It is observed that the advantages above named resulting from thecontraction of the 4o main steam-pipe are not limited to or dependentupon the special relative arrangement of the wall or surface of theconduit D and the storage-chamber as described and shown in thedrawings; but these advantages 5 will be present whenever there is atransverse conduit which receives steam, which is arrested or deflectedby the contraction, and returns it to the main pipe on the other side ofthe contraction from which it is deflected, whether the wall of suchconduit is in contact with the outside wall of the storagechamber orotherwise.

The heaters A, which may be considered to include the storage-chamber C,the loop- 5 5 shaped conduit D, and the rear conduit E, are preferablycast in a single piece or casting. This can be easily effected by awell-known construction and use of casting-cores. For the purpose ofgiving the necessary Vent to the gases generated by the heat of themetal upon the core of the chamber 0 in casting the same and for theremoval of the cores from the casting, three apertures may be providedin the mold, and consequently -will be left in the casting of thechamber. These apertures are designated in Fig. 3 of the drawings by theletters a and Z) Z), and

may be utilized as follows: They are all tapped out to the desired size,the aperture a being provided with a screw-plug, by which the chamber issealed, and which can beremoved as desired to provide an opening forfilling or emptying the contents of the chamber. The apertures b b areprovided with screwlegs 0 c, which support the heater upon the floor ofthe car. Instead of the two legs 0 c, a single leg located nearly underthe center of the chamber may be used, and, if desired, a lug with ascrew-hole in it may be cast upon the conduit E, projecting up or downtherefrom, and by means of which it maybe secured to the side of the carto render the heater more stable.

The disposition of the heatin surface of the conduit D relatively to thechamber C and the surrounding air of the car is important. In the firstplace, the conduitD passes upon the outside of the chamber 0, andconsequently only a part of its heating-surface is in direct contactwith such chamber, while other parts of its surface are exposed to theair of the car, which circulates freely in contact therewith, becomesquickly heated, rises, and is replaced by colder air. In the secondplace, the conduit D, being loop-shaped and extending in a longitudinaldirection in direct contact with the narrow chamber 0 and supplied withsteam flowing freely in one direction, will heat the chambersufficiently, even though only a part of its surface is in contacttherewith.

It is understood that the storage-chamber is to be filled nearly fullwith water, brine, or some other suitable fluid, and is scaled up toprevent evaporation and escape of the heat except through the wall ofthe chamber. It is also understood that the shape and relative locationof the conduit D to the chamber 0 may be somewhat varied, in order tobring a greater or less part of its heating-surface in contact with thechamber.

The individual heaters A are conveniently connected into series by thepipes B B, one end of each being screwed into the conduit E ofcontiguous heaters, while the other ends of these pipes are united bypreferably a right and left hand coupling, in the usual manner, as seenat H in Fig. 1 of the drawlugs.

It is evident without further explanation that these heaters can beapplied to heat any other compartment as well as that of a railroad-car.

\Vhat is claimed as new is v1. In a heater for railroad-cars, containinga storage-chamber and a branch steam-conduit for heating the same,acontractedsteam passage or port located in the main steampipe betweenthe connections of the branch conduit therewith, for the purposes setforth.

2. A storage-heater for railroad-cars, composed of a storage chamber anda loopshaped heating-conduit having a part of its heating surface incontact with the chamber and a part exposed to the air of the car, incombination with a main steam-pipe provided with a contracted passage orport located between the connections of the loop-shaped conduittherewith, for the purpose set forth.

3. The combination of several storage-heaters, each composed of astorage-chamber and a branch'conduit for heating the same, with a mainsteam pipe or conduit provided with I0 contractedpassag'es or ports, oneof which is located between the connections of each of the branchconduits therewith to form a series of storage-heaters located beneaththe transverse seats of a railroad-car and extending throughout thelength of the car, substantially as and I 5 for -the purpose described.

- SAMUEL F. GOLD.

Witnesses:

RoB'r. F. GAYLOBD, FRANK E. HARTLEY.

